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John Jacob Astor Hotel
The John Jacob Astor Hotel, originally known as the Hotel Astoria, is a historic former hotel building located in Astoria, Oregon, United States, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). It is one of the tallest buildings on the Oregon Coast and is a "prominent landmark" in Astoria.〔 Constructed in 1922–23, the hotel opened in 1924 and initially was the city's social and business hub, but soon was beset with a variety of problems, and struggled financially for years. It was renamed the John Jacob Astor Hotel in 1951, but a decline in business continued, as did other problems. The building was condemned by the city for safety violations in 1968〔Dark, Russell (July 8, 1970). "Tattered Hotel Awaits Future With Beds Made". ''The Oregonian'' (Portland), p. 6.〕 and sat vacant for several years until 1984, when work to renovate it and convert it for apartments began. It reopened as an apartment building in 1986,〔 with the lowermost two floors reserved for commercial use. The building was listed on the NRHP in 1979.〔 The world's first cable television system was set up in 1948 using an antenna on the roof of the Hotel Astoria.〔
==History==
Construction began in November 1922 and was completed in late 1923, and the Hotel Astoria opened for business on January 1, 1924. At the start of construction, the plans called for the hotel to be five stories tall, but only a month later,〔 on December 8, 1922, a fire destroyed almost all of downtown Astoria. The resulting severe shortage of housing prompted the Columbia Hotel Company to revise the design to increase the planned height to eight stories.〔 The hotel was the tallest building in Oregon outside of Portland when completed. At the time of its nomination to the National Register, in 1979, it was believed that the building continued to hold the distinction of being the tallest commercial structure on the Oregon Coast.〔 The building has an L-shaped footprint. On its most prominent side, the west façade, it extends the full length of the block on 14th Street between Commercial and Duane streets. It is nearly as wide on its north side, along Commercial Street, but less than half as wide on its south and east sides. The original exterior color was mainly white,〔 with gray on the first two floors.
In its early years, the hotel was "the hub of the city's business dealings and social activities".〔 In addition to 150 rooms for guests, the building included ten residential apartments on its top floor. The local chamber of commerce had its office in the hotel, and the basement included show space for salesmen. The hotel hosted many conventions, and several community groups used it as their regular meeting place.〔〔 However, the hotel began to struggle financially within just a few years. It was beset with a variety of problems, involving "prohibition agents, liquor control officers, labor troubles and military police. The Army declared the area off-limits, and the Navy proclaimed it out-of-bounds," ''The Daily Astorian'' wrote in a 2011 retrospective article.〔 The completion of the Sunset Highway in 1949 contributed to the decline in business, as it gave Portlanders a second route to the Oregon Coast, one not passing through Astoria.〔 From the 1930s on, ownership of the hotel changed hands several times.〔
In late 1951, the Hotel Astoria was renamed the John Jacob Astor Hotel,〔Moyes, William (December 3, 1951). "Behind the Mike" (society column). ''The Oregonian'', Section 2, p. 2. Excerpt: "Johnny Osburn has renamed the Hotel Astoria the 'John Jacob Astor hotel' and installed 12 apartments, new rugs, hangings and decorations."〕 in honor of the city's namesake, John Jacob Astor. The landmark building was repainted pink. However, a postwar decline in business continued, and other problems persisted. In 1961, the Astoria Fire Department found 51 code violations, six of them major, but all of the violations remained uncorrected seven years later.〔 The restaurant and "Fur Trader Lounge" bar were closed by the Internal Revenue Service in early 1968 for failure to pay taxes.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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